We show you the first 500 for free below. However, if you need the full list you can purchase it by clicking the following button:
- A schwa is a vowel that we produce just to have produced a vowel, the vowel we produce so we can move on to a part of the word which is more important to establishing and communicating the identity of the word. We make a /ə/ because we’ve got better things to do than pronounce the middle vowel in “photograph”. Compare this to /ʌ/.
- The reduced vowel sound, schwa, usually sounds like a very quick short u sound (short u), and, as I said, it usually occurs on syllables adjacent to the stressed syllable of a word. The thing to understand is that it can have any spelling, though the letters a, o, and u are the most likely to sound closest to a short u.
- Showing only 500 items. 24,320 elements in total. We show you the first 500 for free below. However, if you need the full list you can purchase it by clicking the following button: If you need any special format you may need to Contact us for a separate quote. The payment will be done in a secure platform.
Word | Pronunciation (IPA) |
---|---|
about | /əˈbaʊt/ |
other | /ˈʌðə(ɹ)/ /ˈɐðə(ɹ)/ |
know | /nəʊ/ |
go | /ɡəʊ/ |
there | /ðɛə(ɹ)/ /ðɛː(ɹ)/ |
year | /jɪə/ |
here | /hɪə(ɹ)/ /hɪː(ɹ)/ |
oh | /əʊ/ |
government | /ˈɡʌvə(n)mənt/ |
however | /hɑʊˈɛvə/ |
again | /əˈɡeɪn/ /əˈɡɛn/ |
against | /əˈɡɛnst/ /əˈɡeɪnst/ |
under | /ˈʌndə(ɹ)/ /ˈɐn.də(ɹ)/ |
never | /ˈnɛv.ə(ɹ)/ |
old | /ˈəʊld/ /ˈɔʊld/ |
little | /ˈlɪtəl/ /ˈlɪtl̩/ /ˈlɪ.tʰɫ̩/ |
different | /ˈdɪf.ɹənt/ /ˈdɪf.əɹ.ənt/ |
away | /əˈweɪ/ |
really | /ˈɹɪəli/ /ˈɹɪːlɪ/ |
where | /wɛə/ /wɛː/ |
system | /ˈsɪstəm/ |
local | /ˈləʊkl̩/ |
during | /ˈdjʊəɹɪŋ/ |
although | /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ |
rather | /ˈɹɑːðə/ |
company | /ˈkʌmp(ə)ni/ |
important | /ɪmˈpɔːtənt/ /ɪmˈpʰɔːʔn̩t/ |
information | /ˌɪnfəˈmeɪʃən/ |
national | /ˈnæʃ(ə)nəl/ |
example | /ɪɡˈzɑːmpəl/ |
second | /ˈsɛkənd/ |
area | /ˈɛə̯ɹɪə̯/ |
water | /ˈwɔːtə/ /ˈwɔːtʰə/ /ˈwɔːtʰəɹ/ |
general | /ˈd͡ʒɛnɹəl/ |
perhaps | /pəˈhæps/ |
order | /ˈɔːdə/ |
home | /(h)əʊm/ |
development | /dɪˈvɛləpmənt/ |
power | /ˈpaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈpaʊ.ə(ɹ)/ |
council | /ˈkaʊn.səl/ |
almost | /ɔːl.ˈməʊst/ /ˈɔːl.məʊst/ |
political | /pəˈlɪtɪkəl/ |
together | /tʊˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/ /təˈɡɛð.ə(ɹ)/ |
particular | /pɚˈtɪkjəlɚ/ |
problem | /ˈpɹɒbləm/ |
towards | /təˈwɔːdz/ |
available | /əˈveɪləb(ə)l/ |
police | /pəˈliːs/ |
road | /ɹəʊd/ |
ever | /ˈɛvə/ |
probably | /ˈpɹɒbəbli/ |
policy | /ˈpɒləsi/ /ˈpɒlɪsi/ |
actually | /ˈæk.tʃʊ.ə.li/ /ˈæk.ʃə.li/ |
research | /ɹəˈsɜːtʃ/ /ˈɹiː.sɜːtʃ/ |
so | /səʊ/ |
person | /ˈpɜːsən/ /ˈpɜːsn̩/ |
mother | /ˈmʌðə(ɹ)/ /ˈmɐðə(ɹ)/ |
question | /ˈkwɛst͡ʃən/ /ˈkwɛstjən/ /ˈkwɛʃt͡ʃən/ |
society | /səˈsaɪ.ə.ti/ |
minister | /ˈmɪnɨstɚ/ |
economic | /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ |
therefore | /ˈðɛəfɔː/ |
community | /kəˈmjuːnɪti/ |
upon | /əˈpɒn/ |
father | /ˈfɑː.ðə(ɹ)/ |
centre | /ˈsen.tə(ɹ)/ |
around | /əˈɹaʊnd/ |
only | /ˈəʊnli/ |
among | /əˈmʌŋ/ |
position | /pəˈzɪʃən/ |
clear | /klɪə(ɹ)/ |
real | /ˈɹiːəl/ /ɹiːl/ |
provide | /pɹəˈvaɪd/ |
international | /ˌɪntəˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)l/ /ˌɪntəˈnæʃ(ə)n(ə)ɫ/ |
woman | /ˈwʊmən/ |
special | /ˈspɛ.ʃəl/ |
action | /ˈæk.ʃən/ |
management | /ˈmænɪdʒmənt/ |
particularly | /pɚˈtɪkjəlɚli/ |
difficult | /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/ |
process | /ˈpɹəʊ̯.sɛs/ |
evidence | /ˈɛvɪdəns/ /ˈɛvədəns/ |
open | /ˈəʊ.pən/ |
idea | /aɪˈdɪə/ |
whole | /həʊl/ /həʊɫ/ /hɒʊl/ /hɒʊɫ/ |
support | /səˈpɔːt/ /səˈpʰɔːt/ |
moment | /ˈməʊmənt/ |
across | /əˈkɹɒs/ |
industry | /ˈɪndəstɹi/ |
care | /kɛə/ |
century | /ˈsɛn.t͡ʃə.ɹiː/ |
table | /ˈteɪbəl/ |
central | /ˈsɛntɹəl/ |
common | /ˈkɒmən/ |
history | /ˈhɪstəɹi/ /ˈhɪstɹi/ |
committee | /kəˈmɪt.i/ |
usually | /ˈjuːʒʊəli/ |
experience | /ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.əns/ |
remember | /ɹɪˈmɛmbɚ/ |
section | /ˈsɛk.ʃən/ |
similar | /ˈsɪmələ/ |
air | /ˈɛə/ /ˈɛː/ |
authority | /ɔːˈθɒɹəti/ |
human | /ˈ(h)juːmən/ /ˈ(ç)ju̟ːmən/ /ˈ(ç)ju̟ːmn̩/ |
role | /ɹəʊl/ |
reason | /ˈɹiːzən/ |
necessary | /ˈnɛsəˌsɛɹi/ |
nature | /ˈneɪtʃə/ |
department | /dɪˈpɑːtmənt/ |
show | /ʃəʊ/ |
union | /ˈjuːnjən/ |
member | /ˈmɛmbə/ |
especially | /ɪˈspɛʃ(ə)li/ /əˈspɛʃ(ə)li/ /ɛˈspɛʃ(ə)li/ |
personal | /ˈpɜː.sən.əl/ |
former | /ˈfɔɹmɚ/ |
paper | /ˈpeɪpə/ |
decision | /dɪˈsɪʒən/ |
figure | /ˈfɪɡjɚ/ |
president | /ˈpɹɛzɨdənt/ |
financial | /faɪˈnænʃəl/ /fɪˈnænʃəl/ |
university | /juːnɪˈvɜːsətiː/ |
foreign | /ˈfɒɹən/ |
situation | /sɪtjuːˈeɪʃən/ /sɪtʃuˈ(w)eɪʃən/ |
recent | /ˈɹiːsənt/ |
production | /pɹəˈdʌkʃən/ |
low | /ləʊ/ |
secretary | /ˈsɛk.ɹəˌtə.ɹi/ /ˈsɛk.ɹə.tɹi/ |
understand | /ˌʌndəˈstænd/ |
award | /əˈwɔːd/ |
present | /ˈpɹɛzənt/ |
royal | /ˈɹɔɪəl/ |
chapter | /ˈt͡ʃæptə/ |
amount | /əˈmaʊnt/ |
series | /ˈsɪə.ɹiːz/ |
natural | /ˈnæt͡ʃ.ə.ɹəl/ |
future | /ˈfjuːt͡ʃə/ |
manager | /ˈmæn.ɪ.dʒə/ |
account | /ə.ˈkaʊnt/ |
computer | /kəmˈpjuːtə/ |
simple | /ˈsɪmpəl/ |
security | /sɪˈkjʊəɹəti/ /sɪˈkjɔːɹəti/ |
labour | /ˈleɪ.bə/ |
structure | /ˈstɹʌktʃə(ɹ)/ /ˈstɹɐktʃə(ɹ)/ |
hair | /hɛə/ /hɛɚ/ |
attention | /əˈtɛn.ʃən/ |
movement | /ˈmuːv.mənt/ |
success | /səkˈsɛs/ |
agreement | /əˈɡɹiːmənt/ |
above | /əˈbʌv/ |
capital | /ˈkæp.ɪ.təl/ |
analysis | /əˈnælɪsɪs/ |
hear | /hɪə(ɹ)/ |
population | /ˌpɒpjʊˈleɪʃən/ |
legal | /ˈliː.ɡəl/ |
environment | /ɪnˈvaɪɹə(n)mɪnt/ /ɪnˈvaɪɚ(n)mɪnt/ |
performance | /pəɹ.ˈfɔɹ.məns/ |
modern | /ˈmɒd(ə)n/ |
theory | /ˈθɪəɹi/ /ˈθiːəɹi/ |
fire | /ˈfaɪ.ə(ɹ)/ /ˈfaɪə(ɹ)/ |
relationship | /ɹɪˈleɪʃ(ə)nʃɪp/ |
finally | /ˈfaɪ.nəl.i/ |
property | /ˈpɹɒp.ət.i/ |
normal | /ˈnɔːməl/ |
recently | /ˈɹiːsəntli/ |
director | /dɪˈɹɛktə(ɹ)/ |
behaviour | /bɪˈheɪvjə/ |
treatment | /ˈtɹiːtmənt/ |
energy | /ˈɛnəd͡ʒi/ |
serious | /ˈsɪɹi.əs/ |
previous | /ˈpɹivi.əs/ |
peter | /ˈpiːtə/ |
significant | /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/ |
association | /əˌsəʊʃiˈeɪʃən/ /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃən/ |
along | /əˈlɒŋ/ |
pressure | /ˈpɹɛʃə(ɹ)/ |
couple | /ˈkʌpəl/ |
technology | /tɛkˈnɒlədʒi/ |
continue | /kənˈtɪnjuː/ |
consider | /kənˈsɪdə/ |
chairman | /ˈtʃɛːmən/ |
generally | /d͡ʒɛnɹəliː/ |
industrial | /ɪnˈdʌstɹɪəl/ |
allow | /əˈlaʊ/ |
specific | /spəˈsɪf.ɪk/ /spɪˈsɪf.ɪk/ |
appropriate | /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹiː.ɪt/ /əˈpɹəʊ.pɹiː.ət/ |
difference | /ˈdɪfɹəns/ |
nearly | /ˈnɪəli/ |
hotel | /(h)əʊˈtɛl/ |
product | /ˈpɹɒd.əkt/ |
summer | /ˈsʌmə(ɹ)/ |
season | /ˈsiːzən/ |
produce | /pɹəˈdjuːs/ /pɹəˈd͡ʒuːs/ |
hour | /ˈaʊə(ɹ)/ /ˈhaʊə(ɹ)/ |
unless | /ənˈlɛs/ |
appear | /əˈpɪə/ |
husband | /ˈhʌzbənd/ |
successful | /səkˈsɛsfl̩/ |
original | /əˈɹɪdʒɪnəl/ |
obviously | /ˈɑb.vi.əs.li/ |
employment | /ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ /ɛmˈplɔɪmənt/ |
science | /ˈsaɪəns/ |
aware | /əˈwɛɚ/ |
deal | /dɪəɫ/ |
economy | /iˈkɒn.ə.mi/ |
popular | /ˈpɒpjʊlə/ |
advice | /ədˈvaɪs/ |
picture | /ˈpɪktʃə/ |
commission | /kəˈmɪʃən/ |
ensure | /ɪnˈʃʊə/ /ɪnˈʃɔː/ |
suppose | /səˈpəʊz/ /səˈpʰəʊz/ |
doctor | /ˈdɒktə/ |
opportunity | /ˌɒp.əˈtjuː.nɪ.ti/ |
conference | /ˈkɒnfɹəns/ |
operation | /ˌɒpəˈɹeɪʃən/ |
useful | /ˈjuːsfəl/ |
application | /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/ |
addition | /əˈdɪʃən/ /æˈdɪʃən/ |
station | /ˈsteɪʃən/ |
window | /ˈwɪndəʊ/ |
immediately | /ɪˈmiːdi.ətli/ |
majority | /məd͡ʒɒɹɪti/ |
television | /ˈtɛlɪˌvɪʒən/ /ˈtɛləˌvɪʒən/ |
follow | /ˈfɒləʊ/ |
statement | /ˈsteɪt.mənt/ |
apart | /əˈpɑː(ɹ)t/ |
independent | /ɪndɪˈpɛndənt/ |
traditional | /tɹəˈdɪʃənəl/ |
election | /ɪˈlekʃ(ə)n/ |
parliament | /ˈpɑːləmənt/ |
accept | /əkˈsɛpt/ /ˌækˈsɛpt/ |
though | /ðəʊ/ |
western | /ˈwɛstɚn/ |
importance | /ɪmˈpɔːtəns/ |
considerable | /kənˈsɪdəɹəbl/ |
concern | /kənˈsɝn/ |
cold | /kəʊld/ /kɔʊld/ |
physical | /ˈfɪzɪkəl/ |
competition | /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/ |
responsible | /ɹɪˈspɒnsəbl̩/ |
answer | /ˈɑːn.sə/ |
daughter | /ˈdɔːtə(ɹ)/ |
purpose | /ˈpɝpəs/ |
responsibility | /ɹɪˌspɑnsəˈbɪlɪti/ |
leader | /ˈliː.də(ɹ)/ |
river | /ˈɹɪvə/ |
ability | /əˈbɪl.ə.ti/ /əˈ.bɪl.ɪ.ti/ |
opposition | /ɒpəˈzɪʃən/ |
instance | /ˈɪnstəns/ |
extra | /ˈɛkstɹə/ |
officer | /ˈɒfɪsə/ |
method | /ˈmɛθəd/ |
division | /dɪˈvɪʒən/ |
pattern | /ˈpat(ə)n/ /ˈpaʔ(ə)n/ |
tomorrow | /təˈmɒɹəʊ/ |
eventually | /ɪ.ˈvɛn.t͡ʃuː.ə.li/ /ɪ.ˈvɛn.tjʊ.li/ |
equipment | /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/ |
oxford | /ˈɑksfɚd/ |
suggest | /səˈdʒɛst/ |
post | /pəʊst/ |
radio | /ˈɹeɪdiˌəʊ/ |
provision | /pɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/ |
sector | /ˈsɛk.təɹ/ |
status | /ˈsteɪt.əs/ |
variety | /vəˈɹaɪ.ə.ti/ |
teacher | /ˈtit͡ʃɚ/ |
essential | /ɪˈsɛn.ʃəl/ /əˈsɛn.tʃəl/ |
otherwise | /ˈʌð.ə(ɹ)ˌwaɪz/ |
speaker | /ˈspikɚ/ |
ahead | /əˈhɛd/ |
develop | /dɪˈvɛləp/ |
primary | /ˈpɹaɪməɹi/ |
happen | /ˈhapən/ |
culture | /ˈkʌlt͡ʃɚ/ |
direction | /dəˈɹɛk.ʃən/ /dɪˈɹɛk.ʃən/ /daɪˈɹɛk.ʃən/ |
civil | /ˈsɪv.əl/ |
character | /ˈkɛɹəktɚ/ /ˈkʰæɹəktɚ/ |
discussion | /dɪsˈkʌʃən/ /dɪsˈkʊʃən/ |
beautiful | /ˈbjuːtɪfəɫ/ |
completely | /kəmˈpliːtli/ |
obvious | /ˈɑb.vi.əs/ |
organisation | /ˈɔː(ɹ).ɡən.aɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/ |
brother | /ˈbɹʌðə(ɹ)/ |
condition | /kənˈdɪʃən/ |
machine | /məˈʃiːn/ |
argument | /ˈɑːɡjʊmənt/ |
fair | /fɛə/ /fɛː/ |
senior | /ˈsinjɚ/ |
share | /ʃɛəɹ/ |
nuclear | /ˈn(j)ukliɚ/ |
principle | /ˈpɹɪnsɪpəl/ /ˈpɹɪnsəpəl/ |
library | /ˈlaɪbɹəɹi/ |
version | /ˈvɝʒən/ |
agree | /əˈɡɹiː/ |
annual | /ˈæn.ju.əl/ |
balance | /ˈbæləns/ |
afternoon | /ˌɑːf.tə.ˈnuːn/ |
reference | /ˈɹɛf.(ə)ɹəns/ |
protection | /pɹəˈtɛkʃən/ |
apply | /əˈplaɪ/ |
relevant | /ˈɹɛləvənt/ |
presence | /ˈpɹɛzəns/ |
influence | /ˈɪn.flu.əns/ |
stone | /stəʊn/ |
avoid | /əˈvɔɪd/ |
relatively | /ˈɹɛlətɪvli/ |
regional | /ˈɹiːdʒənəl/ |
benefit | /ˈbɛn.ə.fɪt/ |
collection | /kəˈlɛkʃən/ |
function | /ˈfʌŋ(k)ʃən/ /ˈfʌŋkʃn̩/ |
failure | /ˈfeɪlˌjɚ/ |
latter | /ˈlæt.ə(ɹ)/ |
kitchen | /ˈkɪt͡ʃən/ /ˈkɪt͡ʃɪn/ |
apparently | /əˈpaɹəntli/ |
effort | /ˈɛfət/ |
separate | /ˈsɛp(ə)ɹət/ |
career | /kəˈɹɪɹ/ |
attack | /əˈ.tæk/ |
progress | /ˈpɹəʊɡɹɛs/ |
official | /əˈfɪʃəl/ |
merely | /ˈmɪəli/ |
regular | /ˈɹɛɡjʊlə/ |
relation | /ɹɪˈleɪʃən/ |
memory | /ˈmɛm(ə)ɹi/ /ˈmɛm(ə)ɾɪ/ |
slowly | /ˈsləʊli/ |
opinion | /əˈpɪnjən/ |
usual | /ˈjuːʒʊəl/ |
additional | /əˈdɪʃənəl/ |
expression | /ɪkˈspɹɛʃ.ən/ |
advantage | /əd.ˈvɑːn.tɪdʒ/ |
gold | /ɡəʊld/ /ɡɔʊld/ |
standard | /ˈstændəd/ |
sister | /ˈsɪs.tə/ |
complex | /kəmˈplɛks/ /ˈkɒm.plɛks/ |
chair | /t͡ʃɛə(ɹ)/ |
powerful | /ˈpaʊɚfʊl/ |
winter | /ˈwɪntə(ɹ)/ |
corner | /ˈkɔɹnɚ/ |
currently | /ˈkʌɹəntli/ |
nevertheless | /ˈnɛvəðəlɛs/ |
insurance | /ɨn.ˈʃəɹ.ɨns/ |
confidence | /ˈkɒnfɪdəns/ |
require | /ɹɪˈkwaɪə/ |
impossible | /ɪmˈpɒsɪbəl/ |
domestic | /dəˈmɛstɪk/ |
carefully | /ˈkɛːfəli/ |
solution | /səˈl(j)uːʃən/ |
previously | /ˈpɹiːvi.əsli/ |
sexual | /ˈsɛkʃuəl/ |
actual | /ˈæk.(t)ʃ(ʊ).əl/ |
museum | /mjuːˈziːəm/ |
technical | /ˈtɛk.nɪk.əl/ |
entirely | /ɪnˈtaɪəli/ |
achieve | /əˈtʃiːv/ |
ordinary | /ˈɔːdɪnəɹi/ /ˈɔːdənɹi/ |
internal | /ɪnˈtɝnəl/ |
animal | /ˈæ.nɪ.məl/ |
excellent | /ˈɛksələnt/ /ˈɛksɪlnt/ |
article | /ˈɑːtɪkəl/ /ˈɑːtʰɪkʰəɫ/ |
fairly | /ˈfɛə(ɹ).li/ |
introduction | /ɪntɹəˈdʌkʃən/ |
administration | /ədˌmɪnəˈstɹeɪʃən/ |
tonight | /təˈnait/ |
fear | /fɪə/ |
proportion | /pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/ |
island | /ˈaɪ̯lənd/ |
kingdom | /ˈkɪŋdəm/ |
northern | /ˈnɔːðən/ /ˈnɔːðn̩/ |
existence | /ɛɡ.ˈzɪs.təns/ /ɪɡ.ˈzɪs.təns/ |
telephone | /ˈtɛlɪfəʊn/ /ˈtɛləfəʊn/ |
equally | /ˈiːkwəli/ |
religious | /ɹɪ.ˈlɪ.d͡ʒəs/ |
cultural | /ˈkʌlt͡ʃəɹl̩/ |
distance | /ˈdɪs.təns/ |
unemployment | /ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ |
famous | /ˈfeɪməs/ |
alone | /əˈləʊn/ |
trial | /ˈtɹaɪəl/ |
formal | /ˈfɔɹməl/ |
proper | /ˈpɹɔp.ə/ |
accident | /ˈæk.sə.dənt/ /ˈæk.sə.dɛnt/ |
organization | /ˈɔː(ɹ).ɡən.aɪˌzeɪ.ʃən/ |
construction | /kənˈstɹʌkʃən/ |
phone | /fəʊ̯n/ |
distribution | /ˌdɪstɹəˈbjuːʃən/ |
difficulty | /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ |
factor | /ˈfæktə/ |
exercise | /ˈɛk.sə.saɪz/ |
rural | /ˈɹʊɹəl/ /ˈɹɝəl/ |
initial | /ɪˈnɪʃəl/ |
substantial | /səbˈstænʃəl/ |
prison | /ˈpɹɪzən/ |
aircraft | /ɛə.kɹɑː̩ft/ /ɛː.kɹɑː̩ft/ |
unable | /ʌnˈeɪbəl/ |
strategy | /ˈstɹætədʒi/ |
reasonable | /ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bəl/ /ˈɹiːz.nə.bəl/ |
communication | /kʌˌmjunɪˈkeɪʃən/ |
surely | /ˈʃʊ(ə)ɹli/ /ˈʃɔɹli/ /ˈʃɝli/ /ˈʃɔː.li/ |
hope | /həʊp/ |
suitable | /ˈsuːtəbl/ |
selection | /səˈlɛkʃən/ |
user | /ˈjuːzə(ɹ)/ |
equal | /ˈiːkwəl/ |
client | /ˈklʌɪənt/ |
master | /ˈmɑːs.tə/ |
offer | /ˈɒfəɹ/ |
goal | /ɡəʊl/ /ɡɔʊl/ |
dinner | /ˈdɪnə/ |
freedom | /ˈfɹiːdəm/ |
forget | /fəˈɡɛt/ |
agency | /ˈeɪ.dʒən.si/ |
sufficient | /səˈfɪʃənt/ |
democratic | /dɛməˈkɹætɪk/ |
eastern | /ˈiːstə(ɹ)n/ |
manner | /ˈmænə/ |
favour | /ˈfeɪ.vəɹ/ |
pair | /pɛə(ɹ)/ |
nobody | /ˈnəʊ.bə.di/ /ˈnəʊ.bɒ.di/ |
quiet | /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ |
danger | /ˈdeɪn.dʒə(ɹ)/ |
educational | /ˌɛdʒʊˈkeɪʃənəl/ |
correct | /kəˈɹɛkt/ |
scientific | /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk/ |
capacity | /kəˈpæsɪti/ |
note | /nəʊt/ |
procedure | /pɹəˈsiːdʒə/ |
theatre | /ˈθɪ.ə.tə(ɹ)/ |
recognition | /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃən/ |
mental | /ˈmɛntəl/ |
middle | /ˈmɪdəl/ |
frequently | /ˈfɹiː.kwənt.li/ |
totally | /ˈtoʊt.(ə)l.i/ |
absolutely | /æb.səˈluːt.li/ |
sentence | /ˈsɛntəns/ /ˈsɛntn̩t͡s/ |
dangerous | /ˈdeɪnʒ(ə)ɹəs/ /ˈdeɪnd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəs/ |
critical | /ˈkɹɪtɪkəl/ |
player | /ˈpleɪə(ɹ)/ |
necessarily | /ˌnɛsəˈsɛɹəli/ |
elsewhere | /ˌɛlsˈʍɛːə/ |
double | /ˈdʌb.əɫ/ |
seriously | /ˈsɪɹi.əsli/ /ˈsiɹi.əsli/ |
weather | /ˈwɛðə/ |
occur | /əˈkɜː/ |
afraid | /əˈfɹeɪd/ |
element | /ˈel.ɪ.mənt/ |
notice | /ˈnəʊtɪs/ |
victory | /ˈvɪkt(ə)ɹi/ |
familiar | /fəˈmɪl.i.ə/ |
bottom | /ˈbɒtəm/ |
properly | /ˈpɹɑ.pɚ.li/ |
violence | /ˈvaɪələns/ |
historical | /hɪˈstɒɹɪkəl/ |
southern | /ˈsʌðə(ɹ)n/ |
china | /tʃʌɪnə/ |
discipline | /ˈdɪ.sə.plɪn/ |
closely | /ˈkləʊsliː/ |
listen | /ˈlɪs.ən/ /ˈlɪs.n̩/ |
reaction | /ɹiˈækʃən/ |
castle | /ˈkɑː.səl/ /kɑːsl/ |
individual | /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊəl/ |
consideration | /kənˌsɪdəˈɹeɪʃən/ |
option | /ˈɒpʃən/ |
payment | /ˈpeɪmənt/ |
exhibition | /ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/ |
below | /bɪˈləʊ/ |
emphasis | /ˈɛmfəsɪs/ |
audience | /ˈɔːdi.əns/ |
feature | /ˈfiːtʃə/ |
liberal | /ˈlɪbɹəl/ |
grow | /ɡɹəʊ/ /ˈɡɹəʊ̯/ |
assembly | /əˈsɛmb.lɪ/ |
contribution | /ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ |
urban | /ˈɜːbən/ |
curriculum | /kəˈɹɪkjələm/ /kɚˈɪkjələm/ |
appearance | /əˈpɪəɹəns/ |
upper | /ˈʌpə/ |
boat | /bəʊt/ |
apparent | /əˈpæ.ɹənt/ |
driver | /ˈdɹaɪ.və(ɹ)/ |
enter | /ˈɛntə(ɹ)/ |
conversation | /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃən/ |
control | /kənˈtɹəʊl/ |
moral | /ˈmɒɹəl/ |
occasion | /əˈkeɪʒən/ |
code | /kəʊd/ |
silence | /ˈsaɪləns/ |
literature | /ˈlɪ.tə.ɹɪ.tʃə(ɹ)/ |
gentleman | /ˈdʒɛnl̩.mən/ /ˈdʒɪnl̩.mən/ |
coal | /kəʊl/ /kɔʊl/ |
investigation | /ɪnˌvɛstəˈɡeɪʃən/ |
alternative | /ˌɒlˈtɜːnətɪv/ |
attractive | /əˈtɹæktɪv/ |
careful | /ˈkɛːfəl/ |
total | /ˈtəʊ.təl/ |
vital | /ˈvaɪtəl/ |
major | /ˈmeɪ.dʒə(ɹ)/ |
document | /ˈdɒkjʊmənt/ |
description | /dɪˈskɹɪpʃən/ |
murder | /ˈmɜːdə(ɹ)/ |
etc | /ˌɛt ˈsɛt(ə)ɹə/ |
protect | /pɹəˈtɛkt/ |
Types A Schwa On Words
The schwa sound is a shorter than short vowel sound or a lazy vowel. It takes very little effort for our mouth to say “uh”. The schwa symbol looks like an upside-down e. It looks like a lazy e is taking a rest. The word schwa comes from the Hebrew word “shva” which represents the “eh”sound in Hebrew. Although this is the origin of.
Note: these words have been obtained from Wiktionary and have been classified and improved through automated computer linguistics processes.
Comments (2)
- #1Very educating. Well organised and interesting
- #2it is great for learning its just unbeleveable.Written by: Timothy Hall on 31/03/2021
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An old trick question: what is the most common vowel in spoken English? Is it the a in cat? The o in top? The ee in keep? In fact, the answer is the puzzling little sound known as schwa.
Schwa was first described to me as “English’s throwaway vowel,” a crude but apt definition. The term refers to the little vowel pronounced in the center of the mouth which you hear at the end of comma, the beginning of afraid, and the middle of salamander. If you speak a non-rhotic accent, as would be the case for many Britons, schwa is also a common realization of “er” at the end of better. This English learning video offers a simple introduction to schwa (even if you aren’t an English learner):
As indicated, schwa is traditionally represented by the IPA symbol ə (an upside-down “e”), signifying a vowel pronounced smack dab in the middle of the vowel space. As any English phonetician will tell you, however, this a tad misleading as far as English is concerned. Our particular brand of schwa in fact represents a number of vowels which differ depending on the words they appear in.
To use a well-worn example, Americans make a slight distinction between the “schwa” at the end of Rosa’s and the “schwa” at the end of roses. The vowel in the former is pronounced relatively close to the “classic” schwa sound (i.e. right in the center of the mouth). The e in “Roses,” however, is pronounced much closer (or “higher”), with a vowel more or less equidistant between the “ee” in feet and the “oo” in goose (i.e. IPA [ɨ]).
And there are “alternate” schwas even less apparent to the naked ear. For example, this 2007 study finds that the schwa in the first syllable of begin is closer to the “i” in American kit, while the schwa in the second syllable of probable is closer to the “oo” in the word foot*. English “schwa” is perhaps a blanket term describing any number of unstressed vowels, even if these actually vary in pronunciation.
Why is it we don’t notice these variations? To look at one hypothetical analogy, if the “e” sound in dress were occasionally pronounced with the “a” sound in father, such a difference would be quite obvious. But English schwa is a very, very short vowel. To give a frame of reference, this study on the English of Drogheda (a city on the East Coast of Ireland) found that schwa was nearly 1/2 the duration of the next shortest vowel (the “i” in kit). This vowel is often pronounced so quickly that it takes the sharpest of ears to notice its precise phonetic properties.
Of course, many foreign languages have no schwa-like vowel, the lack of which results in a disproportionate share of pronunciation difficulties for English learners. The standard schwa sound is not particularly difficult to make (just grunt and you’ve basically got it), but understanding how to use schwa in English is hardly intuitive. If I were Spanish, for example, I’d probably have a hard time associating the “o” in renovate with such an “un-o-like” sound.
Types A Schwa On Word
Given the topic of this site, I’ll conclude with something I’m curious about with regards to schwa: how does it differ from accent to accent? The 2007 study I linked to above indicates some slight differences within American English (for example, Roses and Rosa’s are actually merged for some Americans). What other ways does schwa vary from one accent to another?
*Note to the phonetically inclined: I’m extrapolating here based on their statement about the average F2 of this vowel. Looking at the chart they provide, I’d say the schwa in “probable” would be more accurately rendered [ɤ].